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The Third Person Effect
In 1983, Phillips Davison wrote a paper called The Third Person Effect in Communication. Here is his hypothesis: …individuals who are members of an audience that is exposed to a persuasive communication (whether or not this communication is intended to be persuasive) will expect the communication to have a greater effect on others than on…
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Double standards in propaganda, journalism and life
Reading Propaganda by Edward Bernays. Although Bernays is popularly portrayed as an anti-democratic elitist, he was – by the standards of his time – liberal and progressive. He ends the book with a typical progressive sentiment – that more education, and better information will make public debate more reasoned and more enlightened: If the public…